General-purpose input/output (GPIO)

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A general-purpose input/output (GPIO) is an uncommitted digital signal pin on an integrated circuit or electronic circuit board which may be used as an input or output, or both, and is controllable by the user at runtime.

Internal Architecture

All STM32 MCUs have a high number of GPIOs. In fact, almost all pins on a MCU package, which is not dedicated a power pin are GPIOs:

STM32F40xxx LQFP64 pinout.png

The GPIOs are divided into a number of ports (the actual number depends on the pins available on any particular package) labelled with letters and starting with "PortA".

STM32 block diagram GPIO ports.png

GPIO pin circuit.png